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Living Reviews in Relativity: "Advanced quantum techniques for future gravitational-wave detectors"

Journal cover: Living Reviews in RelativityDanilishin, S.L., Khalili, F.Y. & Miao, H., "Advanced quantum techniques for future gravitational-wave detectors", Living Rev Relativ (2019) 22: 2. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41114-019-0018-y

Open Access | Review Article

First Online: 29 April 2019

Abstract:

Quantum fluctuation of light limits the sensitivity of advanced laser interferometric gravitational-wave detectors. It is one of the principal obstacles on the way towards the next-generation gravitational-wave observatories. The envisioned significant improvement of the detector sensitivity requires using quantum non-demolition measurement and back-action evasion techniques, which allow us to circumvent the sensitivity limit imposed by the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. In our previous review article (Danilishin and Khalili in Living Rev Relativ 15:5, 2012), we laid down the basic principles of quantum measurement theory and provided the framework for analysing the quantum noise of interferometers. The scope of this paper is to review novel techniques for quantum noise suppression proposed in the recent years and put them in the same framework. Our delineation of interferometry schemes and topologies is intended as an aid in the process of selecting the design for the next-generation gravitational-wave observatories. 

The Authors:

Stefan L. Danilishin is Senior Scientist at the Institute for Theoretical Physics of Leibniz University Hannover and in the Laser Interferometry and Gravitational Wave Astronomy division of the Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) in Hannover, Germany. His research topic is quantum optomechanics of GW detectors. 

Farid Ya. Khalili is Professor in the Faculty of Physics at Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia. His research interests are quantum theory and quantum optomechanics of GW detectors. 

Haixing Miao is Senior Lecturer in the School of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Gravitational Wave Astronomy of the University of Birmingham, UK. His current research interests are improving the sensitivity of quantum-limited measurement devices that include gravitational-wave detectors and optomechanical sensors in general, and using these devices to study quantum behaviours of macroscopic objects.